Abdomen + Pelvis

Abdomen + Pelvis Service

The abdomen and pelvis are two anatomical regions that house a variety of organs essential for digestion, reproduction, and waste elimination. Together, they play key roles in maintaining vital bodily functions, from breaking down food to excreting waste and supporting reproductive processes.

Anatomy of the Abdomen

The abdomen is the area between the chest (thorax) and the pelvis. It contains several major organs involved in digestion, metabolism, and excretion.

1. Abdominal Wall :

​The abdominal wall consists of muscles, fascia, and skin, which protect the internal organs and provide structure. 

2. Abdominal Cavity :

The abdominal cavity contains various organs that are essential for digestion and other bodily functions.

Key Organs of the Abdomen:

• Stomach: Located in the upper abdomen, the stomach is involved in breaking down food using acids and enzymes. It serves as a temporary storage site for food before it moves into the intestines.
• Small Intestine: Comprising three parts (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), the small intestine is where most digestion and nutrient absorption occur.
• Large Intestine (Colon): Responsible for absorbing water from indigestible food matter and forming solid waste (stool). It includes the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
• Liver: Located in the upper right part of the abdomen, the liver processes nutrients absorbed by the intestine, detoxifies harmful substances, and produces bile for fat digestion.
• Gallbladder: Stores bile produced by the liver and releases it into the small intestine to aid in fat digestion.
• Pancreas: Produces digestive enzymes and insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels.
• Spleen: Located in the upper left abdomen, the spleen filters blood, recycles old red blood cells, and helps the immune system by storing white blood cells.

3. Blood Vessels of the Abdomen :

• Aorta: The main artery supplying oxygenated blood to the abdominal organs.
• Inferior Vena Cava: The large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body back to the heart.
• Portal Vein: Carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver for processing.

Anatomy of the Pelvis

The pelvis is the lower part of the torso, located between the abdomen and the legs. It supports the weight of the upper body and houses organs involved in reproduction, waste excretion, and in females, childbirth.

 Pelvis :

The pelvic is divided into the greater (false) pelvis, which supports the lower abdominal organs, and the lesser (true) pelvis, which contains the reproductive organs - uterus, ovaries, prospape, bladder and rectum, etc.

PELVIS

• Follicular / ovulation study
• Routine screening in elderly females
• Screening for PCOS/PCOD in young female.